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71.
Ian R. MacGregor David A. Lane Vijay V. Kakkar 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》1980,632(1):131-137
The heparin-accelerated neutralisation of bovine α and β thrombins has been examined using a peptide substrate H-d-phenylalanyl-pipecolyl-arginine-paranitroanilide-HCl to measure thrombin amidase activity. α and β thrombins were both neutralised by antithrombin III and this neutralisation was further accelerated by the presence of small amounts of heparin. Low and high molecular weight heparin and heparins fractionated by their affinity for antithrombin III were all able to accelerate the neutralisation of α and β thrombin. This work is therefore unabel to confirm reports that α and β thrombins have different heparin sensitives. 相似文献
72.
目的 探究组织蛋白酶B(CTSB)介导NLRP3小体在砷致小胶质细胞(BV-2)炎症激活中的作用。方法 取处于对数生长期的BV-2细胞,分别暴露于终浓度为0、2、4、8 μmol/L亚砷酸钠(NaAsO2)溶液培养24 h,检测细胞活性,测定各组细胞内CTSB和细胞焦亡相关蛋白NLRP3、Caspase-1、IL-18、IL-1β的表达水平。流式细胞仪检测胞内溶酶体膜稳定性。基于实验结果,增设CTSB抑制剂组(5 μmol/L CA074-Me +8 μmol/L NaAsO2、10 μmol/L CA074-Me+8 μmol/L NaAsO2),检测两组细胞内炎症相关蛋白NLRP3、Caspase-1和IL-1β、IL-18的表达水平。结果 与对照组比较,各染砷组细胞抑制率增高,呈现剂量效应关系,溶酶体膜稳定性下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),胞内CTSB、NLRP3、IL-1β、IL-18、Caspase-1表达增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);与对照组(8 μmol/L NaAsO2)比较,抑制剂组BV-2细胞胞内CTSB、NLRP3、IL-1β、IL-18、Caspase-1水平均降低,差异有统计学差异(P<0.01)。结论 NaAsO2通过诱导小胶质细胞内CTSB水平的上升,介导NLRP3炎症小体激活小胶质细胞,促其释放炎性因子,致神经系统损伤。 相似文献
73.
《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(7):1470-1472
The use of peptide mass fingerprinting with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was demonstrated to identify and phenotypically characterize toluene-degrading bacteria via biomarkers of degradation and taxonomical classification. Pseudomonas putida F1, P. mendocina KR1, and Burkholderia sp. JS150 were grown on toluene, extracted, electrophoretically separated, and analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS. Catabolic enzymes were identified and results substantiated using tandem MS. 相似文献
74.
《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(4):716-721
Ricin A-chain, a protein that inactivates ribosomes by a specific RNA N-glycosidase activity, has been shown to be inactivated by chemical modification of a few arginine residues. When two or fewer arginine residues in the A-chain were modified with [14C]phenylglyoxal, arginines at positions of 193, 196, 213, and 234/235 were found to be modified, from amino acid compositions and radioactivities of the modified peptides that were obtained by cyanogen bromide cleavage followed by tryptic and chymotryptic digestion. All these arginines have side chains outside the active site cleft; the side chain of Arg213 is adjacent to the edge of the cleft, while other modified arginines are located on the opposite side of the cleft. Kinetic analysis showed that the modification of two arginine residues caused a 8-fold loss in kcat with a 3-fold increase in Km, suggesting that this modification mainly decrease the rate of depurination with an additional effect on the affinity for ribosomes. Neither the environment of tryptophan 211 at the bottom of the cleft nor an interaction of adenine with the cleft was changed by this modification, as judged by fluorescence spectroscopy, suggesting that a conformational change of the catalytic site does not occur upon the modification. These results, taken together with other works, suggest that some of the above arginine residues outside the active site cleft may additively contribute to the catalysis of depurination and/or the initial formation of the A-chain/ribosome complex. 相似文献
75.
76.
《Molecular membrane biology》2013,30(4):225-232
SummaryIn order to get a better understanding in the mechanism by which tryptophan-N-formylated gramicidin (NFG) and gramicidin kill the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum in vitro, we studied the capacity of these peptides to change the potassium, as well as the sodium, composition of normal human erythrocytes, and their ability to cause cell lysis. It is shown that both peptides are able to induce potassium leakage from, and sodium flux into, erythrocytes in such a manner that it is most likely that they are able to form cation channels in the membrane of these cells. For both peptides, potassium efflux proceeds at a faster rate than sodium influx, but this difference is greater for NFG than for gramicidin. This explains the observation that gramicidin is more lytic than NFG is, even when comparing concentrations that show the same antimalarial activity. The finding that gramicidin is approximately 10 times more active than NFG in causing potassium efflux from normal erythrocytes, as well as in killing the malaria parasite, supports the hypothesis that peptideinduced parasite death is related to their capacity to induce potassium leakage from infected erythrocytes. Finally, the observation that erythrocytes are able to restore their normal ion contents after losing more than 50% of their potassium content by incubation with NFG or gramicidin, suggests that, in vivo, and upon treatment with drug concentrations that cause full inhibition of parasite growth, these cells would not be irreversibly damaged by action of the drugs. 相似文献
77.
Maija-Liisa Rasilo Ossi Renkonen 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》1979,582(2):307-321
The glycans of well characterized, [6-3H]galactose-labelled glycopeptides, GC-4 from bovine IgG1 as well as GP-V-2 and GP-V-5 from α1-acid glycoprotein, were liberated by hydrazinolysis. Molecular weights close to the expected values were observed by gel filtration. Desialated glycans of Semliki Forest virus proteins were likewise liberated by hydrazinolysis and subjected to gel filtration. Metabolically labelled [1-3H]galactose-oligosaccharides of the mixed viral proteins revealed an apparent molecular weight of 1800. The bi-antennary glycan liberated from the reference glycopeptide GC-4 was of 1750 daltons. A mixture of [2-3H]mannose-labelled E1-and E2-proteins of the virus contained L-type glycans of 1800 daltons (formerly called A-type), and M-type glycans of 1200 daltons (formerly called B-type). A fraction of the E3-glycans isolated by affinity chromatography on Concanavalin A-Sepharose showed an average molecular weight of 2150, a value intermediate between the three- and four-antennary glycans liberated from the reference glycopeptides GP-V-5 and GP-V-2. The rest of the E3-glycans were of 1850 daltons, a value close to the bi-antennary GC-4 glycan. We suggest that the comparatively large size of the E3-glycans and the exposed position of E3-proteins on the viral surface may be interrelated. 相似文献
78.
79.
In order to set up new procedures to investigate enzyme systems at subzero temperatures in pure aqueous media, we used micromicellar solutions which are homogeneous, optically transparent and of low viscosity in that range of temperatures. The preparation and the main properties of such solutions are described along with the behavior of enzyme-substrate intermediates. A critical discussion of results permits to examine advantages as well as limitations of this very promising procedure. 相似文献
80.
Kenji Sugiyama Mikio Tomida 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》1979,587(2):169-179
The mouse myeloid leukemia cell line (M1) is known to differentiate in vitro into macrophages and granulocytes upon treatment with various inducer including mouse ascitic fluid. Changes of cell surface proteins during differentiation of M1 cells were analyzed by the lactoperoxidase-catalyzed radioiodination method and SDS-polycrylamide slab gel electrphoresis. Treatment of the cells with ascitic fluid changed the electrophoretic pattern of the iodinated proteins, the prominent change being the appearance of a new protein with a molecular weight of 180 000 (P180). Iodinated P180 was also detected in normal macrophages in granulocytes, which are similar to differentiated M1 cells. This protein was metabolically labeled with l-[14C]fucose, increasing with the period of the treatment. P180 was not expressed on ascitic fluid-treatment of a resistant clone of M1 cells that could not be induced to differentiate. These results indicate that P180 is a glycoprotein that is exposed on the outer surface of differentiated M1 cells, and that its expression is associated with differentiation of the cells.P180 was solubilized from 125I-labeled macrophages with detergents bound to concanavalin A-Sepharose. This suggests that P180 is one of the receptors for concanavalin A. Therefore, P180 may contribute partly to the increases in agglutinability by concanavalin A and in the number of concanavalin A binding sites on the surface of M1 cells, which are known to be associated with differentiation of M1 cells. 相似文献